The feeling of distress and disbelief that you have when something bad happens accidentally:
— He was numb with shock.

synonyms: daze, stupor.

Roget 72: assemblage; collection, collocation, colligation^†; compilation, levy, gathering, ingathering, muster, attroupement^†; team; concourse, conflux^†, congregation, contesseration^†, convergence etc. 290; meeting, levee, reunion, drawing room, at home; conversazione [It] etc. (social gathering) 892; assembly, congress; convention, conventicle; gemote^†; conclave etc. (council) 696; posse, posse comitatus [Lat.]; Noah's ark.    miscellany, collectanea^†; museum, menagerie etc. (store) 636; museology^†.    crowd, throng, group; flood, rush, deluge; rabble, mob, press, crush, cohue^†, horde, body, tribe; crew, gang, knot, squad, band, party; swarm, shoal, school, covey, flock, herd, drove; atajo^†; bunch, drive, force, mulada [U.S.]; remuda^†; roundup [U.S.]; array, bevy, galaxy; corps, company, troop, troupe, task force; army, regiment etc. (combatants) 726; host etc. (multitude) 102; populousness.    clan, brotherhood, fraternity, sorority, association etc. (party) 712.    volley, shower, storm, cloud.    group, cluster, Pleiades, clump, pencil; set, batch, lot, pack; budget, assortment, bunch; parcel; packet, package; bundle, fascine^†, fasces^†, bale; seron^†, seroon^†; fagot, wisp, truss, tuft; shock, rick, fardel^†, stack, sheaf, haycock^†; fascicle, fascicule^†, fasciculus [Lat.], gavel, hattock^†, stook^†.    accumulation etc. (store) 636; congeries, heap, lump, pile, rouleau^†, tissue, mass, pyramid; bing^†; drift; snowball, snowdrift; acervation^†, cumulation; glomeration^†, agglomeration; conglobation^†; conglomeration, conglomerate; coacervate [Chem], coacervation [Chem], coagmentation^†, aggregation, concentration, congestion, omnium gaterum [Lat.], spicilegium^†, black hole of Calcutta; quantity etc. (greatness) 31.    collector, gatherer; whip, whipper in.    ... show more

Roget 821: feeling; suffering etc. v.; endurance, tolerance, sufferance, supportance^†, experience, response; sympathy etc. (love) 897; impression, inspiration, affection, sensation, emotion, pathos, deep sense.    warmth, glow, unction, gusto, vehemence; fervor, fervency; heartiness, cordiality; earnestness, eagerness; empressement [Fr.], gush, ardor, zeal, passion, enthusiasm, verve, furore^†, fanaticism; excitation of feeling etc. 824; fullness of the heart etc. (disposition) 820; passion etc. (state of excitability) 825; ecstasy etc. (pleasure) 827.    blush, suffusion, flush; hectic; tingling, thrill, turn, shock; agitation etc. (irregular motion) 315; quiver, heaving, flutter, flurry, fluster, twitter, tremor; throb, throbbing; pulsation, palpitation, panting; trepidation, perturbation; ruffle, hurry of spirits, pother, stew, ferment; state of excitement.    ... show more

Roget 173: violence, inclemency, vehemence, might, impetuosity; boisterousness etc. adj.; effervescence, ebullition; turbulence, bluster; uproar, callithump [U.S.], riot, row, rumpus, le diable a quatre [Fr.], devil to pay, all the fat in the fire.    severity etc. 739; ferocity, rage, fury; exacerbation, exasperation, malignity; fit, paroxysm; orgasm, climax, aphrodisia^†; force, brute force; outrage; coup de main; strain, shock, shog^†; spasm, convulsion, throe; hysterics, passion etc. (state of excitability) 825.    outbreak, outburst; debacle; burst, bounce, dissilience^†, discharge, volley, explosion, blow up, blast, detonation, rush, eruption, displosion^†, torrent.    turmoil etc. (disorder) 59; ferment etc. (agitation) 315; storm, tempest, rough weather; squall etc. (wind) 349; earthquake, volcano, thunderstorm.    berserk, berserker; fury, dragon, demon, tiger, beldame, Tisiphone^†, Megaera, Alecto^†, madcap, wild beast; fire eater etc. (blusterer) 887.    ... show more

Polish: szok

The violent interaction of individuals or groups entering into combat:
— The armies met in the shock of battle.

synonym: impact.

Roget 276: impulse, impulsion, impetus; momentum; push, pulsion^†, thrust, shove, jog, jolt, brunt, booming, boost [U.S.], throw; explosion etc. (violence) 173; propulsion etc. 284.    percussion, concussion, collision, occursion^†, clash, encounter, cannon, carambole^†, appulse^†, shock, crash, bump; impact; elan; charge etc. (attack) 716; beating etc. (punishment) 972.    blow, dint, stroke, knock, tap, rap, slap, smack, pat, dab; fillip; slam, bang; hit, whack, thwack; cuff etc. 972; squash, dowse, swap, whap^†, punch, thump, pelt, kick, punce^†, calcitration^†; ruade^†; arietation^†; cut, thrust, lunge, yerk^†; carom, carrom^†, clip [Slang], jab, plug [Slang], sidewinder [U.S.], sidewipe^†, sideswipe [U.S.].    hammer, sledge hammer, mall, maul, mallet, flail; ram, rammer^†; battering ram, monkey, pile-driving engine, punch, bat; cant hook; cudgel etc. (weapon) 727; ax etc. (sharp) 253.    [Science of mechanical forces] dynamics; seismometer, accelerometer, earthquake detector.    ... show more

A reflex response to the passage of electric current through the body:
— Subjects received a small electric shock when they made the wrong response.
— Electricians get accustomed to occasional shocks.

synonyms: electric shock, electrical shock.

pathology Bodily collapse or near collapse caused by inadequate oxygen delivery to the cells; characterized by reduced cardiac output and rapid heartbeat and circulatory insufficiency and pallor.

Dutch: shock, shocktoestand
Polish: wstrząs

An instance of agitation of the earth's crust:
— The first shock of the earthquake came shortly after noon while workers were at lunch.

synonym: seismic disturbance.

An unpleasant or disappointing surprise:
— It came as a shock to learn that he was injured.

synonym: blow.

Roget 828: mental suffering, pain, dolor; suffering, sufferance; ache, smart etc. (physical pain) 378; passion.    displeasure, dissatisfaction, discomfort, discomposure, disquiet; malaise; inquietude, uneasiness, vexation of spirit; taking; discontent etc. 832.    dejection etc. 837; weariness etc. 841; anhedonia^†.    annoyance, irritation, worry, infliction, visitation; plague, bore; bother, botheration; stew, vexation, mortification, chagrin, esclandre [Fr.]; mauvais quart d'heur [Fr.].    care, anxiety, solicitude, trouble, trial, ordeal, fiery ordeal, shock, blow, cark^†, dole, fret, burden, load.    concern, grief, sorrow, distress, affliction, woe, bitterness, heartache; carking cares; heavy heart, aching heart, bleeding heart, broken heart; heavy affliction, gnawing grief.    unhappiness, infelicity, misery, tribulation, wretchedness, desolation; despair etc. 859; extremity, prostration, depth of misery.    nightmare, ephialtes^†, incubus.    pang, anguish, agony; torture, torment; purgatory etc. (hell) 982.    hell upon earth; iron age, reign of terror; slough of despond etc. (adversity) 735; peck of troubles; ills that flesh is heir to" etc. (evil) 619 [Hamlet]; miseries of human life; unkindest cut of all" [Julius Caesar]. sufferer, victim, prey, martyr, object of compassion, wretch, shorn lamb.    ... show more

Roget 508: inexpectation^†, non-expectation; false expectation etc. (disappointment) 509; miscalculation etc. 481.    surprise, sudden burst, thunderclap, blow, shock, start; bolt out of the blue; wonder etc. 870; eye opener.    unpleasant surprise, pleasant surprise.    ... show more

Dutch: deuk, klap, knak, knauw, schok, slag
Polish: wstrząs

A pile of sheaves of grain set on end in a field to dry; stalks of Indian corn set up in a field.

A bushy thick mass (especially hair).

Polish: burza

A sudden jarring impact:
— All the jars and jolts were smoothed out by the shock absorbers.

synonyms: jar, jolt, jounce.

Roget 713: disagreement etc. 24; discord, disaccord^†, dissidence, dissonance; jar, clash, shock; jarring, jostling etc. v.; screw loose.    variance, difference, dissension, misunderstanding, cross purposes, odds, brouillerie [Fr.]; division, split, rupture, disruption, division in the camp, house divided against itself, disunion, breach; schism etc. (dissent) 489; feud, faction.    quarrel, dispute, tiff, tracasserie^†, squabble, altercation, barney [Slang], demel_e, snarl, spat, towrow^†, words, high words; wrangling etc. v.; jangle, brabble^†, cross questions and crooked answers, snip-snap; family jars.    polemics; litigation; strife etc. (contention) 720; warfare etc. 722; outbreak, open rupture, declaration of war.    broil, brawl, row, racket, hubbub, rixation^†; embroilment, embranglement^†, imbroglio, fracas, breach of the peace, piece of work [Fr.], scrimmage, rumpus; breeze, squall; riot, disturbance etc. (disorder) 59; commotion etc. (agitation) 315; bear garden, Donnybrook, Donnybrook Fair.    subject of dispute, ground of quarrel, battle ground, disputed point; bone of contention, bone to pick; apple of discord, casus belli [Lat.]; question at issue etc. (subject of inquiry) 461; vexed question, vexata quaestio [Lat.], brand of discord.    troublous times^†; cat-and-dog life; contentiousness etc. adj.; enmity etc. 889; hate etc. 898; Kilkenny cats; disputant etc. 710; strange bedfellows.    ... show more

Roget 315: agitation, stir, tremor, shake, ripple, jog, jolt, jar, jerk, shock, succussion^†, trepidation, quiver, quaver, dance; jactitation^†, quassation^†; shuffling etc. v.; twitter, flicker, flutter.    turbulence, perturbation; commotion, turmoil, disquiet; tumult, tumultuation^†; hubbub, rout, bustle, fuss, racket, subsultus^†, staggers, megrims, epilepsy, fits; carphology^†, chorea, floccillation^†, the jerks, St.    Vitus's dance, tilmus^†.    spasm, throe, throb, palpitation, convulsion.    disturbance, chaos etc. (disorder) 59; restlessness etc. (changeableness) 149.    ferment, fermentation; ebullition, effervescence, hurly-burly, cahotage^†; tempest, storm, ground swell, heavy sea, whirlpool, vortex etc. 312; whirlwind etc. (wind) 349.    ... show more

A mechanical damper; absorbs energy of sudden impulses:
— The old car needed a new set of shocks.

synonyms: cushion, shock absorber.

Dutch: kussen, schokbreker, schokdemper
Polish: amortyzator

Surprise greatly; knock someone's socks off.

synonyms: ball over, blow out of the water, floor, take aback.

Roget 867: mislike misrelish^†, dislike, disrelish; mind, object to; have rather not, would rather not, prefer not to, not care for; have a dislike for, conceive a dislike to, entertain a dislike for, take a dislike to, have an aversion to, have an aversion for; have no taste for, have no stomach for.    shun, avoid etc. 623; eschew; withdraw from, shrink from, recoil from; not be able to bear, not be able to abide, not be able to endure; shrug the shoulders at, shudder at, turn up the nose at, look askance at; make a mouth, make a wry face, make a grimace; make faces.    loathe, nauseate, abominate, detest, abhor; hate etc. 898; take amiss etc. 900; have enough of etc. (be satiated) 869.    wish away, unwish cause dislike, excite dislike; disincline, repel, sicken; make sick, render sick; turn one's stomach, nauseate, wamble^†, disgust, shock, stink in the nostrils; go against the grain, go against the stomach; stick in the throat; make one's blood run cold etc. (give pain) 830; pall.    ... show more

Roget 824: excite, affect, touch, move, impress, strike, interest, animate, inspire, impassion, smite, infect; stir the blood, fire the blood, warm the blood; set astir; wake, awake, awaken; call forth; evoke, provoke; raise up, summon up, call up, wake up, blow up, get up, light up; raise; get up the steam, rouse, arouse, stir; fire, kindle, enkindle, apply the torch, set on fire, inflame.    stimulate; exsuscitate^†; inspirit; spirit up, stir up, work up, pique; infuse life into, give new life to; bring new blood, introduce new blood; quicken; sharpen, whet; work upon etc. (incite) 615; hurry on, give a fillip, put on one's mettle.    fan the fire, fan the flame; blow the coals, stir the embers; fan into a flame; foster, heat, warm, foment, raise to a fever heat; keep up, keep the pot boiling; revive, rekindle; rake up, rip up.    stir the feelings, play on the feelings, come home to the feelings; touch a string, touch a chord, touch the soul, touch the heart; go to one's heart, penetrate, pierce, go through one, touch to the quick; possess the soul, pervade the soul, penetrate the soul, imbrue the soul, absorb the soul, affect the soul, disturb the soul.    absorb, rivet the attention; sink into the mind, sink into the heart; prey on the mind, distract; intoxicate; overwhelm, overpower; bouleverser [Fr.], upset, turn one's head.    fascinate; enrapture etc. (give pleasure) 829.    agitate, perturb, ruffle, fluster, shake, disturb, startle, shock, stagger; give one a shock, give one a turn; strike all of a heap; stun, astound, electrify, galvanize, petrify.    irritate, sting; cut to the heart, cut to the quick; try one's temper; fool to the top of one's bent, pique; infuriate, madden, make one's blood boil; lash into fury etc. (wrath) 900.    be excited etc. adj.; flush up, flare up; catch the infection; thrill etc. (feel) 821; mantle; work oneself up; seethe, boil, simmer, foam, fume, flame, rage, rave; run mad etc. (passion) 825.    ... show more

Roget 173: be violent etc. adj.; run high; ferment, effervesce; romp, rampage, go on a rampage; run wild, run amuck, run riot; break the peace; rush, tear; rush headlong, rush foremost; raise a storm, make a riot; rough house [Slang]; riot, storm; wreak, bear down, ride roughshod, out Herod, Herod; spread like wildfire (person). [shout or act in anger at something], explode, make a row, kick up a row; boil, boil over; fume, foam, come on like a lion, bluster, rage, roar, fly off the handle, go bananas, go ape, blow one's top, blow one's cool, flip one's lid, hit the ceiling, hit the roof; fly into a rage (anger) 900.    break out, fly out, burst out; bounce, explode, go off, displode^†, fly, detonate, thunder, blow up, crump^†, flash, flare, burst; shock, strain; break open, force open, prize open.    render violent etc. adj.; sharpen, stir up, quicken, excite, incite, annoy, urge, lash, stimulate, turn on; irritate, inflame, kindle, suscitate^†, foment; accelerate, aggravate, exasperate, exacerbate, convulse, infuriate, madden, lash into fury; fan the flame; add fuel to the flame, pour oil on the fire, oleum addere camino [Lat.].    explode; let fly, fly off; discharge, detonate, set off, detonize^†, fulminate.    ... show more

Strike with disgust or revulsion:
— The scandalous behavior of this married woman shocked her friends.

synonyms: appal, appall, offend, outrage, scandalise, scandalize.

Roget 932: disapprove; dislike etc. 867; lament etc. 839; object to, take exception to; be scandalized at, think ill of; view with disfavor, view with dark eyes, view with jaundiced eyes; nil admirari [Lat.], disvalue^†; improbate^†.    frown upon, look grave; bend the brows, knit the brows; shake the head at, shrug the shoulders; turn up the nose etc. (contempt) 930; look askance, look black upon; look with an evil eye; make a wry face, make a wry mouth at; set one's face against.    dispraise, discommend^†, disparage; deprecate, speak ill of, not speak well of; condemn etc. (find guilty) 971.    blame; lay blame upon, cast blame upon; censure, fronder [Fr.], reproach, pass censure on, reprobate, impugn.    remonstrate, expostulate, recriminate.    reprehend, chide, admonish; berate, betongue^†; bring to account, call to account, call over the coals, rake over the coals, call to order; take to task, reprove, lecture, bring to book; read a lesson, read a lecture to; rebuke, correct.    reprimand, chastise, castigate, lash, blow up, trounce, trim, laver la tete [Fr.], overhaul; give it one, give it one finely; gibbet.    accuse etc. 938; impeach, denounce; hold up to reprobation, hold up to execration; expose, brand, gibbet, stigmatize; show up, pull up, take up; cry 'shame' upon;" be outspoken; raise a hue and cry against.    execrate etc. 908; exprobate^†, speak daggers, vituperate; abuse, abuse like a pickpocket; scold, rate, objurgate, upbraid, fall foul of; jaw; rail, rail at, rail in good set terms; bark at; anathematize, call names; call by hard names, call by ugly names; avile^†, revile; vilify, vilipend^†; bespatter; backbite; clapperclaw^†; rave against, thunder against, fulminate against; load with reproaches.    exclaim against, protest against, inveigh against, declaim against, cry out against, raise one's voice against.    decry; cry down, run down, frown down; clamor, hiss, hoot, mob, ostracize, blacklist; draw up a round robin, sign a round robin.    animadvert upon, reflect upon; glance at; cast reflection, cast reproach, cast a slur upon; insinuate, damn with faint praise; hint a fault and hesitate dislike;" not to be able to say much for.    scoff at, point at; twit, taunt etc. (disrespect) 929; sneer at etc. (despise) 230; satirize, lampoon; defame etc. (detract) 934; depreciate, find fault with, criticize, cut up; pull to pieces, pick to pieces; take exception; cavil; peck at, nibble at, carp at; be censorious etc. adj.; pick holes, pick a hole, pick a hole in one's coat; make a fuss about.    take down, take down a peg, set down; snub, snap one up, give a rap on the knuckles; throw a stone at, throw a stone in one's garden; have a fling, have a snap at; have words with, pluck a crow with; give one a wipe, give one a lick with the rough side of the give one a lick with the rough side of the tongue.    incur blame, excite disapprobation, scandalize, shock, revolt; get a bad name, forfeit one's good opinion, be under a cloud, come under the ferule, bring a hornet's nest about one's ears.    take blame, stand corrected; have to answer for.    ... show more

Roget 830: cause pain, occasion pain, give pain, bring pain, induce pain, produce pain, create pain, inflict pain etc. 828; pain, hurt, wound.    pinch, prick, gripe etc. (physical pain) 378; pierce, lancinate^†, cut.    hurt the feelings, wound the feelings, grate upon the feelings, grate upon the nerves, jar upon the feelings; wring the heart, pierce the heart, lacerate the heart, break the heart, rend the heart; make the heart bleed; tear the heart strings, rend the heart strings; draw tears from the eyes.    sadden; make unhappy etc. 828; plunge into sorrow, grieve, fash^†, afflict, distress; cut up, cut to the heart.    displease, annoy, incommode, discompose, trouble, disquiet; faze, feaze^†, feeze [U.S.]; disturb, cross, perplex, molest, tease, tire, irk, vex, mortify, wherret^†, worry, plague, bother, pester, bore, pother, harass, harry, badger, heckle, bait, beset, infest, persecute, importune.    wring, harrow, torment, torture; bullyrag; put to the rack, put to the question; break on the wheel, rack, scarify; cruciate^†, crucify; convulse, agonize; barb the dart; plant a dagger in the breast, plant a thorn in one's side.    irritate, provoke, sting, nettle, try the patience, pique, fret, rile, tweak the nose, chafe, gall; sting to the quick, wound to the quick, cut to the quick; aggrieve, affront, enchafe^†, enrage, ruffle, sour the temper; give offense etc. (resentment) 900.    maltreat, bite, snap at, assail; smite etc. (punish) 972.    sicken, disgust, revolt, nauseate, disenchant, repel, offend, shock, stink in the nostrils; go against the stomach, turn the stomach; make one sick, set the teeth on edge, go against the grain, grate on the ear; stick in one's throat, stick in one's gizzard; rankle, gnaw, corrode, horrify, appal^†, appall, freeze the blood; make the flesh creep, make the hair stand on end; make the blood curdle, make the blood run cold; make one shudder.    haunt the memory; weigh on the heart, prey on the heart, weigh on the mind, prey on the mind, weigh on the spirits, prey on the spirits; bring one's gray hairs with sorrow to the bring one's gray hairs with sorrow to the grave; add a nail to one's coffin.    ... show more

Dutch: verbijsteren, ontzetten, ontstellen, choqueren, shockeren

Strike with horror or terror.

Collide violently.

Collect or gather into shocks.

Subject to electrical shocks.

Inflict a trauma upon.

synonyms: traumatise, traumatize.

Dutch: trauma teweegbrengen