stem
noun
1 stem
linguistics The form of a word after all affixes are removed:
— Thematic vowels are part of the stem.
synonyms: base, radical, root, root word, theme.
Roget 153:
cause,
origin,
source,
principle,
element;
occasioner†,
prime mover,
primum mobile [Lat.];
vera causa [Lat.];
author
etc.
(producer)
164;
mainspring;
agent;
leaven;
groundwork,
foundation
etc.
(support)
215.
spring,
fountain,
well,
font;
fountainhead,
spring head,
wellhead;
fons et origo [Lat.],
genesis;
descent
etc.
(paternity)
166;
remote cause;
influence.
pivot,
hinge,
turning point,
lever,
crux,
fulcrum;
key;
proximate cause,
causa causans [Lat.];
straw that breaks the camel's back.
ground;
reason,
reason why;
why and wherefore,
rationale,
occasion,
derivation;
final cause
etc.
(intention)
620;
les dessous des cartes [Fr.];
undercurrents.
rudiment.
egg,
germ,
embryo,
bud,
root,
radix radical,
etymon,
nucleus,
seed,
stem,
stock,
stirps,
trunk,
tap-root,
gemmule†,
radicle,
semen,
sperm.
nest,
cradle,
nursery,
womb,
nidus,
birthplace,
hotbed.
causality,
causation;
origination;
production
etc.
161.
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Roget 367:
vegetable,
vegetable kingdom;
flora,
verdure.
plant;
tree,
shrub,
bush;
creeper;
herb,
herbage;
grass.
annual;
perennial,
biennial,
triennial;
exotic.
timber,
forest;
wood,
woodlands;
timberland;
hurst†,
frith†,
holt,
weald†,
park,
chase,
greenwood,
brake,
grove,
copse,
coppice,
bocage†,
tope,
clump of trees,
thicket,
spinet,
spinney;
underwood,
brushwood;
scrub;
boscage,
bosk†,
ceja [Sp.],
chaparal,
motte [U.S.];
arboretum
etc.
371.
bush,
jungle,
prairie;
heath,
heather;
fern,
bracken;
furze,
gorse,
whin;
grass,
turf;
pasture,
pasturage;
turbary†;
sedge,
rush,
weed;
fungus,
mushroom,
toadstool;
lichen,
moss,
conferva†,
mold;
growth;
alfalfa,
alfilaria†,
banyan;
blow,
blowth†;
floret†,
petiole;
pin grass,
timothy,
yam,
yew,
zinnia.
foliage,
branch,
bough,
ramage†,
stem,
tigella†;
spray
etc.
51;
leaf.
flower,
blossom,
bine†;
flowering plant;
timber tree,
fruit tree;
pulse,
legume.
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Roget 166:
paternity;
parentage;
consanguinity
etc.
11.
parent;
father,
sire,
dad,
papa,
paterfamilias,
abba†;
genitor,
progenitor,
procreator;
ancestor;
grandsire†,
grandfather;
great-grandfather;
fathership†,
fatherhood;
mabap†.
house,
stem,
trunk,
tree,
stock,
stirps,
pedigree,
lineage,
line,
family,
tribe,
sept,
race,
clan;
genealogy,
descent,
extraction,
birth,
ancestry;
forefathers,
forbears,
patriarchs.
motherhood,
maternity;
mother,
dam,
mamma,
materfamilias [Lat.],
grandmother.
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Dutch: stam
Polish: morfem leksykalny, pierwiastek, rdzeń, pień
2 stem
A slender or elongated structure that supports a plant or fungus or a plant part or plant organ.
synonym: stalk.
Dutch: grondwoord, stam, steel, stengel, stok, voorsteven
Polish: łodyga
3 stem
Cylinder forming a long narrow part of something.
synonym: shank.
Dutch: voorsteven
4 stem
The tube of a tobacco pipe.
Polish: cybuch
5 stem
Front part of a vessel or aircraft.
synonyms: bow, fore, prow.
Roget 234:
front;
fore,
forepart;
foreground;
face,
disk,
disc,
frontage;
facade,
proscenium,
facia [Lat.],
frontispiece;
anteriority†;
obverse
(of a medal or coin).
fore rank,
front rank;
van,
vanguard;
advanced guard;
outpost;
first line;
scout.
brow,
forehead,
visage,
physiognomy,
phiz†,
countenance,
mut [Slang];
rostrum,
beak,
bow,
stem,
prow,
prore†,
jib.
pioneer
etc.
(precursor)
64;
metoposcopy†.
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Dutch: boeg, voorschip, voorsteven
6 stem
A turn made in skiing; the back of one ski is forced outward and the other ski is brought parallel to it.
synonym: stem turn.
verb
1 stem
Grow out of, have roots in, originate in.
Roget 708:
oppose,
counteract,
run counter to;
withstand
etc.
(resist)
719;
control
etc.
(restrain)
751;
hinder
etc.
706;
antagonize,
oppugn,
fly in the face of,
go dead against,
kick against,
fall afoul of,
run afoul of;
set against,
pit against;
face,
confront,
cope with;
make a stand,
make a dead set against;
set oneself against,
set one's face against;
protest against,
vote against,
raise one's voice against;
disfavor,
turn one's back upon;
set at naught,
slap in the face,
slam the door in one's face.
be at cross purposes;
play at cross purposes;
counterwork†,
countermine;
thwart,
overthwart†;
work against,
undermine.
stem,
breast,
encounter;
stem the tide,
breast the tide,
stem the current,
stem the flood;
buffet the waves;
beat up against,
make head against;
grapple with;
kick against the pricks
etc.
(resist)
719;
contend
etc.
720;
do battle with
etc.
(warfare)
722,
do battle against.
contradict,
contravene;
belie;
go against,
run against,
beat against,
militate against;
come in conflict with.
emulate
etc.
(compete)
720;
rival,
spoil one's trade.
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2 stem
3 stem
Stop the flow of a liquid:
— Stem the tide.
synonyms: halt, stanch, staunch.
Dutch: aanhankelijk
4 stem
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