German pope from 1049 to 1054 whose papacy was the beginning of papal reforms in the 11th century (1002-1054).

synonyms: Bruno of Toul, Leo IX.

Roman Catholic Church A French cleric (born in Germany) who founded the Carthusian order in 1084 (1032-1101).

synonyms: Saint Bruno, St. Bruno.

Italian philosopher who used Copernican principles to develop a pantheistic monistic philosophy; condemned for heresy by the Inquisition and burned at the stake (1548-1600).

synonym: Giordano Bruno.