is a specific kind of: social scientist.

is a broader term that covers: demographer, demographist, population scientist | psephologist.

instances of which are: Durkheim, Emile Durkheim | Charles Fourier, Fourier, Francois Marie Charles Fourier | Merton, Robert King Merton, Robert Merton | Pareto, Vilfredo Pareto | Parsons, Talcott Parsons | David Riesman, David Riesman Jr., Riesman | Herbert Spencer, Spencer | Sumner, William Graham Sumner | First Baron Passfield, Sidney James Webb, Sidney Webb, Webb | Max Weber, Weber.

derivation: sociology.