is a specific kind of: alter, change, modify.

is a broader term that covers: blackwash | motley, parti-color | polychrome, polychromise, polychromize | azure | empurple, purple, purpurate | aurify | verdigris | pinkify | incarnadine | brown, embrown | handcolor, handcolour | tinct, tinge, tint, touch | pigment | hue, imbue | retouch | silver | gray, grey | tone | redden | blotch, mottle, streak ... show more.

is the opposite of: discolor.

derivation: coloration, colouration | color, coloring, colour, colouring | coloring, colouring, food color, food coloring, food colour, food colouring.