The largest city and former capital of Turkey; rebuilt on the site of ancient Byzantium by Constantine I in the fourth century; renamed Constantinople by Constantine who made it the capital of the Byzantine Empire; now the seat of the Eastern Orthodox Church.

synonyms: Istanbul, Stamboul, Stambul.

Dutch: Istanbul, Istanboel
Polish: Stambuł

The council in 869 that condemned Photius who had become the patriarch of Constantinople without approval from the Vatican, thereby precipitating the schism between the eastern and western churches.

synonym: Fourth Council of Constantinople.

The sixth ecumenical council in 680-681 which condemned Monothelitism by defining two wills in Christ, divine and human.

synonym: Third Council of Constantinople.

The fifth ecumenical council in 553 which held Origen's writings to be heretic.

synonym: Second Council of Constantinople.

The second ecumenical council in 381 which added wording about the Holy Spirit to the Nicene Creed.

synonym: First Council of Constantinople.